MC

Research

Senior Honors Thesis: Runoff Forecasting with Deep Learning

Post-processing operational streamflow forecasts with Hybrid Transformer/RNN models to improve accuracy while respecting physical constraints.

Architecture

Hybrid Transformer + RNN residual correction

Text-based diagram of the modeling pipeline.

  • Inputs: Operational NWM forecasts, meteorological forcings, static attributes.
  • Encoder: Transformer capturing multi-scale temporal context.
  • Integration: Fusing physical model outputs with deep learning corrections.
  • Pipeline: Automated feature normalization and leakage-safe splitting.

Evaluation

Metrics and validation strategy

Emphasis on leakage-safe splits and operational realism.

Metrics

  • Metrics: RMSE, NSE, KGE (Hydrology-standard metrics).
  • Validation: Spatial holdouts to test generalization.
  • Diagnostics: Analyzing error distributions across seasons.

Reproducibility

  • Config-driven experiments (Hydra) with fixed seeds.
  • Strict data versioning and artifact tracking.
  • Full environment captures for every run.

Constraints

Real-world considerations

Operational limitations that shaped model design and evaluation.

  • Must run within operational latency limits.
  • Robustness to missing sensor data.